From Latin *frugalis*, meaning "virtuous, thrifty," derived from *frux* / *frugis* ("fruit, produce, value"). The root idea was someone who made good use of the earth's fruits — wasting nothing. It entered English in the late 16th century via French *frugal*.

In American English, *frugal* carries a positive, even admirable connotation — suggesting wisdom and self-discipline rather than mere cheapness. *Cheap*, by contrast, often implies stinginess or low quality. In personal finance communities (e.g., the FIRE movement — Financial Independence, Retire Early), "frugal living" is almost a badge of honour.