知道
zhī dào
/tʂʐ̩˥ tɑʊ˥˩/
Definition
To know a fact or piece of information; to be aware of something.
Example
你知道他住在哪里吗?
Show translation
Do you know where he lives?
Etymology
Composed of 知 (zhī), meaning "to know / wisdom," an ancient character combining 矢 (arrow, suggesting speed/directness) with 口 (mouth), implying speaking with precision; and 道 (dào), meaning "road / way / principle." Together, 知道 literally evokes "knowing the way" — awareness of the path or truth. 道 is the same character central to Taoism (道教), giving 知道 a quietly philosophical lineage even in everyday speech.
Cultural note
知道了 (zhī dào le) — "I know" or "Understood" — is the standard, slightly casual acknowledgment used everywhere from family conversations to workplaces. In more formal or military contexts it can sound curt; softening with 我知道了,谢谢 (I understand, thank you) is more polite. Be careful not to confuse 知道 (knowing a fact) with 认识 (knowing/recognizing a person) — a classic distinction Mandarin learners need to master early.